6 Vehicle Modifications for Disabled Drivers, Seniors, and Pregnant or Injured People
For some people, driving is a challenge, whether it be from inexperience, anxiety, or physical limitations — permanent or temporary. People with mobility impairments, be they related to injury, disability, age, or pregnancy, often face accessibility challenges with driving. Fortunately, certain vehicles can be modified for more accessible driving. These modifications can make driving with mobility impairments not only more accessible but also improve on its comfort and safety.
In this article, we’ll explain the various accessibility modifications you can make to your vehicle, from assistance straps to steering wheel adjustments.
What are the different types of car modifications and adaptive equipment for accessible driving?
There are numerous ways to make your vehicle more accessible, including the use of adaptive equipment. In this section, we’ll explore the different adjustments you can make.
Pedal modifications
Modifications to the brake, accelerator, and parking brake pedals help account for the limited reach or range of motion for those with physical limitations, making accessible driving easier. A pedal modification can be attached to any of the vehicle’s pedals to bring it closer to the seat, making it easier for the driver’s legs to reach them. This type of modification can also help the driver use both feet instead of just their right foot, potentially improving comfort and safety while driving.
Assistance straps and amputee rings
Assistance straps are secured around a car’s window frame to help drivers get in or out of their vehicle. This modification is used only before driving and must be removed before you drive away.
Amputee rings are tailored for drivers with below-elbow amputations. This modification works by clamping onto the steering wheel. Once clamped, the driver can attach their prosthetic to the wheel and steer the vehicle.
Hand controls
Hand controls encompass several modifications that help drivers accelerate and brake using only their hands. These controls attach to the foot pedals and are typically operated by the left hand while the right hand steers, shifts, and operates the rest of the vehicle’s systems. As more and more vehicles become “drive-by-wire,” joystick controllers will likely become both more common and less expensive.
These are the three most common types of hand controls:
● Push-pull systems: Drivers accelerate and brake by pushing or pulling a hand lever.
● The Right Angle system: Similar to push-pull systems, the Right Angle system is oriented horizontally. Drivers push the control to brake, but to accelerate they pull the control down in a 90-degree arch.
● Push-rock levers: Designed for drivers with limited or no use of their fingers, drivers push the middle handle forward to activate the brakes and rock it backward to accelerate.
Ramps and wheelchair lifts
Ramps and wheelchair lifts are crucial for assisting wheelchair and scooter users in entering their vehicles and securing their mobility devices. They are categorized into two main system types based on usage: occupied and unoccupied systems.
● Occupied systems: These systems are engineered to elevate mobility devices without requiring the user to leave them. These systems secure the mobility device onto a lifting platform using either manual or automatic tie-downs, allowing the driver to operate the lift mechanism and bring themselves into the vehicle.
● Unoccupied systems: These systems are designed to transport mobility devices without occupants. Hoists secure the mobility device externally on the vehicle, lifting wheelchairs or scooters off the ground. They are then fastened onto a rack or platform at the vehicle's rear. These systems are commonly used for scooters or by drivers who prefer keeping the interior of their vehicles free from mobility devices.
Seat and seat belt adjustments
Adaptive seat modifications help drivers get in and out of a vehicle. Powered transfer seats offer swiveling, rotating, and lifting capabilities in multiple directions, facilitating easy transitions into and out of the seat. Certain adaptations extend the seat out of the vehicle to simplify the process of getting in, after which the seat retracts back into position for driving.
For people with limited wheelchair transfer abilities, options like wheelchair restraints and docking systems ensure secure attachment to the vehicle floor, similar to a standard car seat. Seat belt adjustments are another popular accessibility modification, with torso restraints and lap belts available for enhanced safety.
Steering wheel adjustments and knobs
There are a variety of steering wheel adjustments available to increase the accessibility of your vehicle, including:
● Steering knobs: Steering knobs come in various sizes, shapes, and designs to accommodate various needs. Spinner knobs, for instance, enable a gentle grip for steering and fit comfortably in your hand. Modified knob styles, including pins, handles, and palm grips, offer additional options.
● Added power steering assist: This adjustment reduces the effort required to turn the wheel. This complements other devices like steering knobs or handles.
Drivers can also opt for a complete redesign of their steering systems. While this tends to be the most expensive option, these redesigns are tailored exactly to a driver’s comfort and abilities. This can be a promising option for people who anticipate needing to make many modifications to their vehicle.
How much do car modifications cost?
Accessibility modifications can be quite costly. For instance, a new, accessible vehicle may cost anywhere between $20,000 to $80,000 or more. Larger modifications like ramps and lifts are often the most expensive modifications. On the other hand, devices like steering knobs and specialized seat cushions tend to be more affordable. In some cases, drivers can outfit their vehicles with assistive devices for less than $1,000.
As you’re considering various vehicle modifications, it’s important to factor in ongoing maintenance costs. The additional weight from the modifications can contribute to increased wear and tear on your vehicle, but routine maintenance can help mitigate these issues and ensure your car and its accessibility features remain in good working shape. It’s worth noting that everyone’s accessibility requirements are unique, and while the following table provides an estimate of costs for different assistive technologies, actual prices will vary based on the manufacturer, vehicle type, and the specific equipment you need.
Here are some common modifications and their average price ranges:
| Accessibility Modification | Average Price Range |
|---|---|
| Accelerators and pedal modifications | $100-$1200 |
| Assistance straps | $10-$50 |
| Amputee rings | $80-$400 |
| Hand controls like push-pull devices | $150-$1500 |
| Scooter and wheelchair lifts | $1500-$4000 |
| Scooter and wheelchair ramps | $500-$30,000 |
| Seat belt adjustments | $30-$400 |
| Seat adjustments | Around $10,000 |
| Steering wheel knobs | $10-$300 |
Manufacturer discounts and rebates for car modifications
Financial assistance for adapted vehicles
Because not everyone may qualify for discounts, or their expenses might exceed reimbursement thresholds, various financial assistance programs are available for adapted vehicles. These resources include state grants, federal programs, disability-focused nonprofits and associations, Medicare, and Medicaid. While not all applicants will meet the eligibility criteria, grants are a great way to get extra assistance.
There are nationwide sources to seek funding from, for example the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs website and other private foundations related to specific disabilities, such as multiple sclerosis or paralysis. When exploring state grant options, check your state’s ADA centers, disability foundations, and statewide disability councils for region-specific information. As for Medicare and Medicaid options, both Medicare Part B and Medicaid may cover vehicle modifications categorized as durable medical equipment. Since Medicaid operations vary by state, it’s essential to review your state’s specific rules on different levels of financing and allowances.
What cars are best for vehicle modifications?
Some vehicles are better than others when it comes to making accessibility modifications. In general, an SUV is one of the best types of vehicles to outfit with adaptive equipment aside from a minivan. This is because SUVs generally have spacious interiors and ample cargo space, are higher off the ground, and provide an elevated driver’s seat for enhanced visibility. If you’d like to see how these two vehicles compare, check out our Minivan vs. SUV article to see which model will provide the best features for your specific needs.
If you’re simply looking for a vehicle that’s easy to enter and exit, the Mazda3 Sedan and Mazda3 Hatchback are great options as they’re lower to the ground.
Mazda also offers a few accessories to help transport your equipment and improve your accessible driving experience:
● Running Boards: Another modification you can attach to increase the ease of access with getting in and out of the vehicle.
● Soft Bumper Guard: Shields your vehicle from scratches and dents that can happen when loading and unloading accessibility equipment. When not in use, they can double as a cargo liner to keep the inside of your vehicle safe from scratches, or it can be folded away for easy storage.
● Cargo Blocks: Can also be inserted in your back seat to keep your expensive equipment from sliding and getting damaged during transit.
Should you modify your existing vehicle or buy a new vehicle?
Considering whether to modify your existing vehicle or purchase a new one involves weighing several factors. Trying to modify your existing vehicle isn’t a bad place to start as more advancements in technology allow for a broader range of modifications across different makes and models. However, the cost of equipment can quickly match the same or exceed the price of a new vehicle depending on the technology you need. Additionally, some vehicles simply aren’t suited for adaptive systems.
On the other hand, buying a new vehicle can ensure that you have the exact space and accessibility modifications you require. Newer vehicles also tend to come equipped with more safety features incorporated into their designs, reducing the necessity for excessive modifications. This can potentially reduce overall costs while providing peace of mind regarding safety standards.
Shop new Mazda vehicles designed with safety and accessibility in mind
With a variety of models, trims and features available to choose from, you can build and price a vehicle to configure your desired vehicle. We recommend scheduling a test drive to experience the vehicle first-hand before making your purchase decision. Once you’re ready to finalize your purchase, our find a dealer tool assists you in locating the nearest dealership to find your car.
This article is intended for general informational purposes only and is based on the latest competitive information available at the time of posting. Information herein is subject to change without notice and without Mazda incurring any obligations. Please review a variety of resources prior to making a purchasing decision. Visit Resource Center for more articles.